ABSTRACT
SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for over 500 million cumulative cases all over the world since December 2019 and has marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic virus after SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. This virus is in a winning situation because scientists are still racing to explore effective therapeutics, vaccines, and event treatment regimens. In view of progress in current disease management, until now none of the preventive/treatment measures can be considered entirely effective to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, it is required to look up substitute ways for the management of this disease. In this context, herbal medicines could be a good choice. This article emphasizes the antiviral potential of some herbal constituents which further can be a drug of choice in SARS-CoV-2 treatment. This article may be a ready reference for discovering natural lead compounds and targets in SARS-CoV-2 associated works.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess bioactive compounds found in Tulsi as potential COVID-19 Mpr °inhibitor using molecular docking and to provide scientific justification in term of its active ingredient to target protein for prevention and symptomatic treatment of COVID-19. Methods: COVID-19 Mpr °was docked with eight phytochemicals of Ocimum sanctum Linn. Using Autodock 4.2. Determination of active site and visualization of molecular interactions between ligands and target enzyme was done by Biovia Discovery Studio 4.5. Results: Our result demonstrates that Vicenin, Caryophyllene, Cirsimaritin, Isothymusin and Isothymonin have a better binding affinity to target enzyme. However, only Vicenin exhibited better binding energy i.e.-7.02 kcal/mol to COVID-19 Main protease among other phytochemicals through some responsible interactions to inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in the human body, whereas Caryophyllene and Cirsimaritin exhibited similar binding affinity i.e.-6.46 kcal/mol but different interactions with target enzyme. Conclusion: Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) is a preeminent traditional drug of Ayurveda for prophylaxis and treatment of various ailments, including respiratory disorders like cough, cold and flu. With no specific therapies available, reevaluating and repurposing traditional drugs could be an effective approach for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore our study provides scientific evidence for the potential use of Tulsi as an adjunct therapy for the prevention and symptomatic treatment of COVID-19. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies should be conducted to validate use of proposed compounds in drug discovery and as therapeutics against COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
Aim and objective: Although two-wave pattern of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was observed in many countries, there is limited information on the impact of both the waves on clinical presentations of ectopic pregnancy (EP) with COVID-19. Therefore, we aimed to understand the impact of the first wave and second wave of COVID-19 pandemic on women with EPs in India. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective study at BYL Nair Charitable Hospital (NH), a dedicated COVID-19 tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India. We analyzed the impact of the first wave and second wave on women with EPs and the challenges encountered for management during the pandemic in our hospital. Results: A total of 1,660 pregnant and postpartum women with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were admitted at NH during the first wave and the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. All cases of EP were asymptomatic for COVID-19. During the prepandemic period of 4 years, there were 220 (15.2 per 1,000 births) women with EPs, which was higher compared to seven EPs (6.3 per 1,000 births) during the COVID-19 pandemic. EP rate per 1,000 births during the second wave was found to be 9.6, which is comparatively higher than the first wave (3.8) (p = 0.24). Conclusion: Increased frequency of EPs during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic could be due to the new variant of concern B.1.617. 2 (Delta). For ruptured EP, we recommend surgical management with laparotomy as a treatment option as it is useful in reducing the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection to healthcare workers. Clinical significance: The COVID-19 pandemic is likely to last longer and hence healthcare providers should ensure that pregnant women have access to medical assistance whenever needed. © The Author(s). 2021.
ABSTRACT
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, several attempts have been made worldwide to control the spread of the virus. It is widely accepted that wearing face masks in public and workplaces suppresses the transmission of the virus. Highly effective face masks, e.g. N95, have a high filtration efficiency but with a large pressure drop, which does not allow one to wear the mask comfortably for long hours. A larger population wearing a moderate efficiency mask can also cut the transmission at large. Herein, mask panels from readily available fabrics are developed, that can generate triboelectricity, which enhances the filtration efficiency by around 18% without compromising the pressure drop-allowing one to wear the mask for an extended period. The unique cup-shaped design of the mask provides a snug fit with no speech distortion or fogging on the glasses.
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Purpose: The Covid-19 pandemic and the related closures and lockdowns have changed how consumers shop for products and how they consume them. In this paper, the authors focus on how customers' journeys from the awareness stage down to purchase and loyalty stages have been impacted by the pandemic across different product categories and markets and how they affect the same post-pandemic. The authors propose directions for future research based on our analysis. Design/methodology/approach: Analyzing the components of customer utility, the authors provide the basis for the rapid shift towards online and digital touchpoints and the nature of emerging interactions between firms and consumers. The authors highlight those areas where changes could be permanent. Findings: The authors show why some of the changes due to the Covid-19 pandemic could be permanent and irrevocable and what this implies for firms' strategies to acquire, retain, and grow their business with their customers. Originality/value: The authors highlight why omnichannel strategies are the way for firms to thrive in the post-pandemic marketplace, and outline areas for future research that will allow researchers to examine how customer journeys will evolve post-pandemic. © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited.
ABSTRACT
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has put global health at stake by creating havoc all over the world, due to which the world, as well as health agencies, are experiencing the greatest challenges of all times. This disease is a health emergency due to its high level of infectiousness and due to the non-availability of any specific treatment. COVID 19 is a health emergency due to its high infectiousness, as currently, there is no treatment available Objectives: To determine the significance of physiological and haematological parameters in the diagnosis of COVID 19 infection and compare these parameters according to comorbid conditions during the disease progression among mild COVID 19 patients. Methodology: This retrospective, observational study was carried out in a designated tertiary care hospital to address COVID19 patients in the Pune district. Various parameters like age, height, weight, BMI, various physiological variables, haematological parameters, and CRP levels were assessed among 202 COVID 19 diagnosed patients on day one and on day 10 of the hospital stay. Results: Out of the total study participants, 112 were male, and 90 were females with an average age of (43.43 +/- 15.07) and (51.8 +/- 16.35) respectively. Conclusion: Study of physiological and haematological parameters and their interrelation will help in understanding the impact of COVID 19 infection on the reactive inflammatory responses and will help in understanding the prognosis of the disease.